Wetzel's Limnology

ISBN : 9780128227015

Author : Ian D. Jones

Publisher : Elsevier

Year : 2023

Language : English

Type : Book

Description : Table of contents Cover image Title page Table of Contents Copyright Tributes to Robert Wetzel The Editors Contributors Chapter 1. Prologue I. Limnology in the 21st century II. Robert G. Wetzel (1936–2005) III. The fourth edition Chapter 2. The Importance of Inland Waters I. Our freshwater resources II. Drivers of global change III. Human impact on freshwater ecosystems IV. Ecosystem condition and ecosystem services V. Summary Chapter 3. Water as a Substance I. The characteristics of water II. Summary Chapter 4. Rivers and Lakes—Their Distribution, Origins, and Forms I. Distribution of inland surface waters II. River and stream characteristics III. Origin of lakes IV. Succession of lakes V. Morphology of lakes VI. Reservoirs VII. Climatic and anthropogenic effects VIII. Summary Chapter 5. Hydrological Systems I. The hydrological cycle and relevant processes II. Catchment structure and runoff generation III. Water balance in catchments with lakes IV. Management implications V. Summary Chapter 6. Light in Inland Waters I. Light as an entity II. At the water surface III. Light attenuation in the water column IV. Ecological role of solar radiation V. Summary Chapter 7. Fate of Heat I. Distribution of heat in lakes II. Stratification III. Changes in seasonal and annual stratification with climate change IV. Summary Chapter 8. Water Movements I. Hydrodynamics and physical limnology II. Water movement in rivers and streams III. Water movement in lakes IV. Modeling water movements V. Summary Chapter 9. Structure and Productivity of Aquatic Ecosystems I. The ecosystem concept II. Catchment concept III. Streams and rivers IV. Lakes V. Spatial structure and terminology in lakes and rivers VI. Subsidies and productivity in lakes and rivers VII. Evaluation of biomass and production VIII. Aquatic food webs IX. Population structure, growth, and regulation X. Communities XI. Diversity and diversity metrics XII. Summary Chapter 10. Water as a Chemical Environment I. Water as a solvent II. Chemical reactions in freshwater III. Factors regulating concentrations of nongaseous solutes IV. Factors regulating concentrations of dissolved gases in water V. Summary Chapter 11. Oxygen I. The oxygen content of inland waters II. Processes determining dissolved oxygen concentration III. Distribution of dissolved oxygen in running waters IV. Distribution of dissolved oxygen in lakes V. Metrics for assessing anoxia and hypoxia in inland waters VI. Summary Chapter 12. Salinity and Ionic Composition of Inland Waters I. Salinities and ionic composition of inland waters II. Sources of ions III. Saline lakes IV. Distribution of major ions in freshwaters V. Salinity, osmoregulation, and distribution of biota VI. Summary Chapter 13. The Inorganic Carbon Complex I. The occurrence of inorganic carbon in freshwater systems II. Spatial and temporal distribution of total inorganic carbon and pH in rivers and lakes III. Hypolimnetic CO2 accumulation in relation to lake metabolism IV. Utilization of carbon by photoautotrophs and chemolithotrophs V. Summary Chapter 14. The Nitrogen Cycle I. Introduction II. Nitrogen sources, transformations, and fate in lakes and reservoirs III. Nitrogen sources, transformations, and fate in streams and rivers IV. Effect of human activities V. Summary Chapter 15. The Phosphorus Cycle I. Phosphorus in fresh waters II. The distribution of organic and inorganic phosphorus in lakes and streams III. Phosphorus cycling in running waters IV. External natural and anthropogenic sources of phosphorus V. Phosphorus and the sediments: internal loading VI. Phosphorus cycling within the epilimnion VII. Phytoplankton requirements for phosphorus VIII. Phosphorus and eutrophication IX. Modeling relationships between nutrient loading and phytoplankton productivity X. Climate change and the phosphorus cycle XI. Summary Chapter 16. Other Important Elements I. Biogeochemical cycling of micronutrients and minor elements II. Oxidation–reduction potentials in freshwater systems III. The iron and manganese cycle IV. The sulfur cycle V. Minor elements VI. The silica cycle VII. Summary Chapter 17. Algae and Cyanobacteria Communities I. Diversity and composition of algae in inland waters II. Major groups of algae III. Algal habitats in inland waters IV. Types of algal associations in inland waters V. Summary Chapter 18. Ecology of Algae and Cyanobacteria (Phytoplankton) I. Introduction II. Phytoplankton growth: resources and environmental factors III. Phytoplankton in food webs IV. Temporal variation in phytoplankton communities V. Spatial heterogeneity in phytoplankton VI. Phytoplankton and global environmental change VII. Summary Chapter 19. Zooplankton Communities: Diversity in Time and Space I. Introducing the zooplankton II. The microzooplankton III. Rotifers, Cladocera, and copepods IV. Food, feeding, and food selectivity V. Reproduction and life histories VI. Trait-based approaches to zooplankton communities VII. Seasonal change and succession in zooplankton communities VIII. Within water body heterogeneity in zooplankton communities IX. Among water body heterogeneity in zooplankton communities X. Zooplankton communities and environmental change XI. Summary Chapter 20. Ecology and Functioning of Zooplankton Communities I. Zooplankton community interactions II. Zooplankton food web functioning III. Zooplankton productivity IV. Zooplankton metacommunity ecology V. Global changes and zooplankton community functioning VI. Summary Chapter 21. Benthic Animals I. Benthic animal groups II. Hexapoda III. Benthic communities in lakes, wetlands, and ponds IV. Benthic communities of rivers and streams V. Metacommunities of benthic animals VI. Benthic animals and global change VII. Summary Chapter 22. Fish I. Introduction II. Fish communities in natural lakes and streams III. Size-selective and size-efficiency hypotheses IV. Importance of visibility in predation V. Trophic cascades (pelagic and benthic food webs) VI. Specific roles of fish in food webs VII. Fish production and harvesting VIII. Effects of physical modification IX. Invasive species and ecosystem consequences X. Restoring lakes by biomanipulation XI. Climate change impact XII. Summary Chapter 23. Pelagic Bacteria, Archaea, and Viruses I. Overview II. Basic ecology III. Microbes and the carbon cycle IV. Drivers of biogeochemistry V. Predators and viruses VI. New discoveries from the era of DNA sequencing VII. Summary Chapter 24. Freshwater Plants I. Characteristics of freshwater plants II. Resource acquisition and physiological responses to environmental conditions III. Growth and distribution IV. Consequences of environmental change V. Management VI. Summary Acknowledgments Chapter 25. Benthic Algae and Cyanobacteria of the Littoral Zone I. Littoral benthic algae and Cyanobacteria II. Metabolic interactions in littoral communities III. Functional roles of periphyton in lakes IV. Littoral benthic algae in a changing world V. Summary Chapter 26. Shallow Lakes and Ponds I. Origins and distribution II. Characteristics III. Alternative states theory revisited IV. Biodiversity V. Variations in the theme: temporary and urban ponds VI. Restoration VII. Climate change, land-use change, and the biodiversity crisis VIII. Summary Chapter 27. Sediments and Microbiomes I. Sediment characterization II. Resuspension and redeposition of sediments III. Benthic boundary layer IV. Sediment microbiomes V. Microbiome processes VI. Implications of environmental change VII. Summary Chapter 28. Organic Carbon Cycling and Ecosystem Metabolism I. Overview II. Organic matter composition III. Organic matter (OM) sources IV. Organic matter (OM) cycling V. Anthropogenic changes to organic matter (OM) dynamics VI. Summary Chapter 29. Wetlands I. Wetlands and their global distribution II. Wetland functions III. Wetland destruction IV. Climate change V. Protection and restoration VI. Examples of restoration and protection projects VII. Summary Chapter 30. Paleolimnology: Approaches and Applications I. Stratigraphy and geochemistry II. Biological indicators III. Case studies IV. Summary Chapter 31. Inland Waters: The Future of Limnology is Interdisciplinary, Collaborative, Inclusive, and Global I. Access to clean freshwater is a human right II. Integrated approaches to water quality management and science III. Restoration of aquatic ecosystems IV. Broadening our global perspectives and voices V. Summary Index

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